| Advantages of Different Methods for Holding Securities |
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| Owners of securities may hold their securities by possessing certificates or by registering the securities in "street name" with a brokerage or directly with the company issuing the securities. Some issuers of securities may not offer physical certificates or direct registration. Each method of holding securities has advantages and disadvantages to be considered by investors.More... |
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| Bonds |
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| Bonds are debt securities issued by governments, corporations, and other entities. In return for the loan of money to the issuer represented by the bond, the issuer promises to pay a set rate of interest over the life of the bond and then pay back the principal or face value of the bond to the investor when the bond matures or becomes due.More... |
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| Independent Director Audit Committee Requirements for New York Stock Exchange Companies |
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| Independent directors must make up the majority of the board of directors of a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange. In addition, listed companies must have several committees made up entirely of independent directors, including the Audit Committee.More... |
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| Director or Officer Liability under Federal Employment Law |
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| Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) forms the basis of many employee discrimination claims against employers. Under Title VII, an employer with more than five employees is forbidden from making employment-related decisions based on race, color, religion, gender, or national origin. An employer is also prohibited from engaging in conduct that has the purpose or effect of creating an intimidating or hostile work environment. Title VII's provisions encompass all types of employers conducting including hiring, firing, compensation, benefits, privileges, and employment conditions. Recently, the United States Supreme Court concluded that Title VII prohibits constructive discharges, i.e., the employee has no alternative but to resign following a tangible and adverse employment action.
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| Types of Mergers Analyzed Under Section 7 of the Clayton Act |
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| Mergers which are likely to substantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly in any line of commerce are illegal under Section Seven of the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C.S. § 18. The type of merger -- horizontal, vertical, or conglomerate -- will affect consideration of the potential illegality of the merger.More... |
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